Nt inhibitory effect on the proliferation and migration of the breast cancer cells. To our knowledge, our study showed for the first time that antibody mediated blockade of the ATP synthase a-subunit antibody can inhibit breast cancer cells and attenuate the directional cell migration of cancer cells in vitro. Although ATP synthase may also play critical roles in tumor cell metastases as the binding target of angiostatin in endothelial cells, a potent antagonist of angiogenesis and the growth of tumor cell metastases, our results showed that an anti-ATPPan et al. Journal of Translational Medicine 2011, 9:211 http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/9/1/Page 14 ofsynthase a-subunit antibody directly inhibited the tumor cell migration. Thus, decreased cell motility and 2-Bromo-1,3-difluoro-4-nitrobenzene migration likely play a major role in ATP synthase mediated cancer metastasis. The suppression of cell migration PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15139768 by the anti-ATP synthase a-subunit antibody was not limited to a specific ECM interaction.Received: 20 July 2011 Accepted: 8 December 2011 Published: 8 December 2011 References 1. Carey LA: Through a glass darkly: advances in understanding breast cancer biology, 2000-2010. Clin Breast Cancer 10:188-195. 2. Jensen JD, Knoop A, Ewertz M, Laenkholm AV: ER, HER2, and TOP2A expression in primary tumor, synchronous axillary nodes, and asynchronous metastases in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat . 3. Coradini D, Daidone MG: Biomolecular prognostic factors in breast cancer. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2004, 16:49-55. 4. Hayashi N, Nakamura S, Tokuda Y, Shimoda Y, Yagata H, Yoshida A, Ota H, Hortobagyi GN, Cristofanilli M, Ueno NT: Prognostic value of HER2-positive circulating tumor cells in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Int J Clin Oncol . 5. Hynes NE, Lane HA: ERBB receptors and cancer: the complexity of targeted inhibitors. Nat Rev Cancer 2005, 5:341-354. 6. Goldhirsch A, Wood WC, Gelber RD, Coates AS, Thurlimann B, Senn HJ: Meeting highlights: updated international expert consensus on the primary therapy of early breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2003, 21:3357-3365. 7. Vichapat V, Gillett C, Fentiman IS, Tutt A, Holmberg L, Luchtenborg M: Risk factors for metachronous contralateral breast cancer suggest two aetiological (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethan-1-ol pathways. Eur J Cancer . 8. Tot T, Gere M, Pekar G, Tarjan M, Hofmeyer S, Hellberg D, Lindquist D, Chen TH, Yen AM, Chiu SY, Tabar L: Breast cancer multifocality, disease extent, and survival. Hum Pathol . 9. Maric P, Ozretic P, Levanat S, Oreskovic S, Antunac K, Beketic-Oreskovic L: Tumor markers in breast cancer valuation of their clinical usefulness. Coll Antropol 35:241-247. 10. Wellman G: Breast cancer awareness and survivorship. S D Med 64:157. 11. Jauhiainen M, Monkkonen H, Raikkonen J, Monkkonen J, Auriola S: Analysis of endogenous ATP analogs and mevalonate pathway metabolites in cancer cell cultures using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009, 877:2967-2975. 12. Ran Y, Pan J, Hu H, Zhou Z, Sun L, Peng L, Yu L, Sun L, Liu J, Yang Z: A novel role for tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 in the therapy of human esophageal carcinoma. Hum Gene Ther 2009, 20:41-49. 13. von Ballmoos C, Wiedenmann PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14445666 A, Dimroth P: Essentials for ATP synthesis by F1F0 ATP synthases. Annu Rev Biochem 2009, 78:649-672. 14. Rees DM, Leslie AG, Walker JE: The structure of the membrane extrinsic region of bovine ATP synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009, 106:21597-21601. 15. Champagne E, Mart.
